LCD Screen Era: Foundation and Brilliance
Technical principles and characteristics
LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) technology is an important milestone in the development of mobile phone screens. Its working principle is based on the electro-optic effect of liquid crystals, which displays images by changing the passage of light through the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules. LCD screens typically consist of a backlight, polarizing film, liquid crystal layer, and color filters. The backlight provides uniform light, the polarizer controls the direction of light passing through, the liquid crystal layer changes the molecular arrangement under the action of an electric field, and the color filter converts the passing light into the three primary colors of red, green, and blue, thereby forming a color image.LCD screens have the advantages of low cost, stable display, high color reproduction, large viewing angle, and relatively low power consumption. In the early mobile phone market, LCD screens became the mainstream screen technology due to their mature technology and wide applicability. For example, TFT-LCD (Thin Film Transistor Liquid Crystal Display) became popular in the early 21st century and gradually became the mainstream display technology for mobile devices, providing users with clear and stable image display.
Market Applications and Limitations
In the era of LCD screens, many well-known mobile phone brands have adopted this technology. The classic models launched by established mobile phone manufacturers such as Nokia and Motorola were mostly equipped with LCD screens, meeting the basic display function needs of users at that time. However, LCD screens also have some shortcomings. Its response speed is relatively slow, and it is prone to dragging and ghosting, which is particularly evident when watching high-speed moving images. In addition, LCD screens require backlight modules to illuminate the screen, resulting in relatively high power consumption, and the black color performance is not pure enough, with low contrast.

The Rise of OLED Screens: Innovation and Breakthrough
Technical principles and advantages
OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) screens are a major innovation in mobile phone screen technology. Unlike LCD screens, OLED screens use self luminous technology, where each pixel can independently emit light without the need for a backlight source. The basic structure of OLED screens consists of several thin films, including an anode, a cathode, and an organic material layer located between the two. When current passes through, electrons and holes in the organic material layer combine to produce an excited state. When the excited state returns to the ground state, light is emitted.
OLED screens have many advantages. Firstly, its vibrant colors and high contrast can present more realistic and vivid images. Due to each pixel emitting light independently, it can truly turn off when displaying black, achieving almost infinite contrast. Secondly, OLED screens have faster response times and smoother visual effects, which can effectively reduce ghosting and residual effects. In addition, OLED screens also have the characteristics of being lightweight, bendable, and foldable, providing more possibilities for the appearance design of mobile phones.
Market Development and Trends

With the increasing demand of consumers for the display effect and appearance design of mobile phone screens, OLED screens have gradually become the standard configuration of high-end mobile phones. Apple, Samsung and other mobile phone brands have adopted OLED screens in their flagship models, driving the rapid development of the OLED screen market. According to Omdia's latest OLED Display Panel Market Tracking Report, smartphone AMOLED display panel shipments are expected to continue to grow in 2024, surpassing TFT LCD shipments for the first time. This growth trend is mainly driven by the strong demand for flexible AMOLED displays in the market.
In the OLED screen market, the performance of flexible AMOLED displays is particularly outstanding. Starting from the second half of 2022, Chinese display panel manufacturers have significantly reduced the manufacturing cost of flexible AMOLED panels, driving major smartphone original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) to upgrade mid-range smartphone screens from traditional rigid AMOLED and LTPS TFT LCD panels to flexible AMOLED panels. The trend of replacing this display technology will further accelerate in 2024, increasing the market share of flexible AMOLED from 28% of the total smartphone display panel market in 2022 to 40% in 2024.
Comparative analysis of LCD and OLED screens
Display effect
In terms of display performance, OLED screens have significant advantages. Its color vividness, contrast, and viewing angle are superior to LCD screens. OLED screens can present richer colors and deeper black, making images more realistic and vivid. LCD screens, on the other hand, have relatively weak color saturation and contrast, and their black color performance is not pure enough, making them prone to light leakage when displaying dark scenes.
power consumption
Due to the self luminous technology used in OLED screens, each pixel emits light independently and can be turned off when displaying black, resulting in relatively low power consumption. LCD screens require continuous operation of the backlight module, which requires a certain amount of power to maintain the backlight even when displaying black, resulting in relatively high power consumption. In practical use, phones equipped with OLED screens usually perform better in terms of battery life.
Cost and lifespan
LCD screen technology is mature and the manufacturing cost is relatively low, so it still has a certain competitiveness in the mid to low end mobile phone market. The manufacturing cost of OLED screens is relatively high, resulting in higher prices for smartphones equipped with OLED screens. In addition, the organic materials of OLED screens have a relatively short lifespan and are prone to aging and screen burn-in, which is also a challenge they face.
Application scenarios
LCD screens are suitable for the mid to low end mobile phone market that is cost sensitive and does not require high display performance, as well as certain specific application scenarios that do not require high power consumption. OLED screens are more suitable for the high-end mobile phone market, meeting consumers' pursuit of high-quality display effects and personalized appearance design. At the same time, the bendable and foldable characteristics of OLED screens also provide more possibilities for the design innovation of future mobile phones.


Outlook for Future Mobile Screen Technology
Exploration of Emerging Technologies
In addition to LCD and OLED screen technologies, emerging screen technologies such as Mini LED and Micro LED are also constantly developing. Mini LED achieves higher brightness and more precise light control effect by reducing the size of LED beads; Micro LED, on the other hand, designs the LED structure into a tiny size, achieving higher pixel density and finer image display effects. However, these emerging technologies are still in the early stages of development and face some technical challenges, such as the relatively complex backlight design of Mini LED, which requires precise control of the luminous effect of each LED bead; Micro LED is facing technological challenges such as chip manufacturing and mass transfer.
Combining with cutting-edge technology
In the future, mobile screen technology will be deeply integrated with cutting-edge technologies such as 5G and AI. The high-speed and stable transmission of 5G networks will bring higher resolution and refresh rate content display to mobile phone screens, enhancing users' visual experience. AI technology can achieve intelligent optimization of screen display effects, automatically adjusting parameters such as brightness, color, and contrast of the screen according to different usage scenarios and user needs, providing more personalized display effects.
Flexibility and Diversified Design
As consumers' demands for mobile phone appearance design and portability continue to increase, future mobile phone screens will further achieve flexible design, creating thinner, more durable, and bendable mobile phone screens. New screen forms such as foldable screens and curled screens will continue to emerge, bringing users new ways of use and interactive experiences. At the same time, the design of mobile phone screens will become more diversified to meet the personalized needs of different users.conclusion
The evolution of mobile screen technology from LCD to OLED is a vivid manifestation of continuous technological progress. LCD screens played an important role in the early development of mobile phone screens due to their low cost and stable display, while OLED screens gradually became the mainstream choice for high-end phones due to their bright colors, high contrast, and bendability. In the future, with the continuous emergence of emerging technologies and deep integration with cutting-edge technologies, mobile screen technology will develop towards higher resolution, higher refresh rate, lower power consumption, greater flexibility, and greater diversity. We have reason to believe that future mobile screens will bring us more stunning visual experiences and more convenient ways of human-computer interaction.

1、 Original screen
Original screen refers to a screen produced by a mobile phone manufacturer that is identical to the original screen of the phone. The advantage of this screen is its superior quality and good compatibility with other parts of the phone, ensuring the best display effect and user experience. However, the price of original screens is usually higher due to their production costs and strict quality control. If your phone is still under warranty or you have high demands for screen quality, choosing an original screen is a good choice.

2、 OEM Screen
OEM (Original Equipment Manufacturer) screens are screens produced by partners of mobile phone manufacturers, with similar quality to original screens but usually at a more affordable price. The production process of OEM screens also follows strict standards, so their display effect and service life can be guaranteed. If your budget is limited but you want to get a user experience close to the original screen, then OEM screens are a cost-effective choice.
3、 Compatible with screens
Compatible screens are screens produced by third-party manufacturers, designed to be compatible with multiple phone models. The price of this type of screen is usually lower, but the quality and display effect may vary depending on the manufacturer. When choosing a compatible screen, it is recommended to carefully compare products from different brands and models to ensure that they meet your usage needs. Although screen compatibility may pose certain risks, it is still a viable option if you do not have high requirements for your phone screen or have a very limited budget.

4、 Press fit screenPress fit screen is a type of screen that combines a display screen and a touch screen. The advantage of this screen is that it is reasonably priced, and the display effect and user experience are relatively good. However, the compatibility and stability of laminated screens may not be as good as original or OEM screens, so careful consideration is needed when choosing. If your phone model is relatively rare, or if you do not have high requirements for the display effect and stability of the screen, then pressing the screen may be a suitable choice.
When choosing a mobile phone screen, in addition to considering the screen type and price, it is also necessary to consider the convenience of installation and maintenance. If you do not have the relevant technical knowledge, it is recommended to seek the help of professionals to ensure a smooth screen replacement process.

Collaborative innovation, industry university research collaboration to forge the technological highland of "Chinese screen"

As a leading Chinese enterprise in the AMOLED field, Vishino has always been driven by technological innovation and has joined forces with Tsinghua University and domestic material manufacturers to launch technological breakthroughs in the field of OLED material devices. After years of research and development, the company has successfully overcome key technological bottlenecks and released the fourth generation pTSF material device system. This system has been comprehensively upgraded from three dimensions: luminous efficiency, color gamut coverage, and device lifespan. It not only achieves purer color presentation, lower energy consumption, but also extends screen lifespan. It has officially been put into mass production and commercial use, adding core chips to the competition of "Chinese screens" in the global market.

Technological breakthrough, redefining AMOLED performance benchmark

In the development process of OLED technology, how to simultaneously achieve high efficiency, long lifespan, and high color purity of OLED has always been an important research issue. Compared to traditional OLED devices, the fourth generation pTSF device technology introduces multiple energy transfer modes, ultimately emitting light from a fluorescent emitter, achieving 100% internal quantum efficiency utilization. Moreover, the exciton lifetime of devices using pTSF technology has achieved a leap from microseconds to nanoseconds, suppressing exciton annihilation and quenching processes within the device, thereby achieving higher efficiency and longer lifetime, as well as higher color purity.

As the "barometer" of the global display industry, the SID exhibition in 2025 saw Vishino launch high-efficiency pTSF device products and wide color gamut pTSF device screens globally, which attracted widespread attention in the industry for their performance. Data shows that screens equipped with high-efficiency pTSF devices reduce power consumption by over 12% and increase lifespan by 15% compared to traditional devices. Taking a smartphone with a daily battery life of 10 hours as an example, installing this screen can increase usage time by an additional 1.2 hours, effectively solving the pain point of "fast screen power consumption" in mobile devices. The wide color gamut pTSF device body has achieved breakthroughs in color reproduction, covering DCI-P3 color gamut (>99.5%) and Adobe RGB color gamut (>99.5%), with color accuracy reaching professional design level, meeting the needs of professional scenarios such as image creation and graphic design, while reducing energy consumption by more than 6% and increasing lifespan by 20%. At present, high-efficiency pTSF devices have completed mass production and begun to be applied in various mobile electronic devices in batches.

The technological breakthrough of Weixinnuo cannot be separated from the support of the industry university research collaborative innovation system. As a pioneer in China's OLED industry, the technological roots of Weixinnuo can be traced back to the OLED project team of Tsinghua University in 1996- it was this early technological exploration that accumulated a solid research and development foundation for the company. As of now, Weixinnuo has applied for over 20000 OLED related patents, with invention patents accounting for up to 89%. The patented technology covers the entire industry chain, including materials, devices, processes, and equipment, forming a complete technical protection system. In terms of industry standards and innovative achievements, Vicino has broken the monopoly of foreign enterprises: it is a Chinese enterprise that * formulates international standards for flexible displays, has won more than 20 global "*" innovative technologies and applications, more than 50 national "first" breakthroughs, and has also won the "first prize of the the State Technological Innovation Award" of the display industry *, becoming the "synonym" of China's display technology innovation.

In November 2024, Professor Duan Lian from Tsinghua University gave a keynote speech on the improvement of OLED performance at the screen technology press conference held by Weixinnuo. The two sides had in-depth exchanges on the research and development details and application scenarios of pTSF technology, further deepening the cooperation between industry, academia and research. In fact, the breakthrough of pTSF technology is the result of long-term cooperation between the two parties. The advantages of Tsinghua University in the field of basic research complement each other's experience in industrialization, accelerating the process of technology from the laboratory to the market. Practice has proven that the advantages of pTSF technology in key indicators such as color purity, efficiency, and lifespan not only validate the effectiveness of industry university research collaborative innovation, but also provide a replicable model for the technological upgrade of "Chinese screens".

The mass production and commercialization of the fourth generation pTSF material device system by Visionor is not only an important leap forward for the company's own development, but also promotes the key transformation of "Chinese screens" from "technology *" to "product *", which is of milestone significance in the global display industry. This achievement marks that "Made in China" has completely shed its identity as a "follower" in the AMOLED field, and has become a "leader" in the industry through independent innovation. In the future, it will continue to promote technological changes in the global display industry, allowing "Chinese screens" to shine even brighter in the global market.

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